diff --git a/parquet/internal/encoding/delta_byte_array.go b/parquet/internal/encoding/delta_byte_array.go
index 8a5e9e00..948de218 100644
--- a/parquet/internal/encoding/delta_byte_array.go
+++ b/parquet/internal/encoding/delta_byte_array.go
@@ -194,7 +194,13 @@ func (d *DeltaByteArrayDecoder) SetData(nvalues int, data []byte) error {
 	if offset < 0 || offset > int64(len(data)) {
 		return errors.New("parquet: invalid delta byte array suffix offset")
 	}
-	return d.DeltaLengthByteArrayDecoder.SetData(nvalues, data[offset:])
+	if err := d.DeltaLengthByteArrayDecoder.SetData(nvalues, data[offset:]); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(d.prefixLengths) != d.nvals {
+		return errors.New("parquet: delta prefix and suffix length counts do not match")
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 func (d *DeltaByteArrayDecoder) Discard(n int) (int, error) {
diff --git a/parquet/internal/encoding/delta_length_byte_array.go b/parquet/internal/encoding/delta_length_byte_array.go
index a0176409..ffc8096a 100644
--- a/parquet/internal/encoding/delta_length_byte_array.go
+++ b/parquet/internal/encoding/delta_length_byte_array.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package encoding
 
 import (
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 
 	"github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/arrow/memory"
 	"github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/internal/utils"
@@ -118,10 +119,35 @@ func (d *DeltaLengthByteArrayDecoder) SetData(nvalues int, data []byte) error {
 	if err := dec.SetData(nvalues, data); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	if dec.totalValues > uint64(nvalues) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("parquet: delta length count %d exceeds value count %d", dec.totalValues, nvalues)
+	}
 	d.lengths = make([]int32, dec.totalValues)
-	dec.Decode(d.lengths)
+	decoded, err := dec.Decode(d.lengths)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if decoded != len(d.lengths) {
+		return errors.New("parquet: not enough delta lengths")
+	}
 
-	return d.decoder.SetData(nvalues, data[int(dec.bytesRead()):])
+	offset := dec.bytesRead()
+	if offset < 0 || offset > int64(len(data)) {
+		return errors.New("parquet: invalid delta length payload offset")
+	}
+	payload := data[offset:]
+	totalLength := 0
+	for _, length := range d.lengths {
+		if length < 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parquet: negative delta byte array length %d", length)
+		}
+		if int(length) > len(payload)-totalLength {
+			return errors.New("parquet: delta byte array lengths exceed payload size")
+		}
+		totalLength += int(length)
+	}
+
+	return d.decoder.SetData(len(d.lengths), payload)
 }
 
 func (d *DeltaLengthByteArrayDecoder) Discard(n int) (int, error) {
@@ -150,7 +176,10 @@ func (d *DeltaLengthByteArrayDecoder) Decode(out []parquet.ByteArray) (int, erro
 // DecodeSpaced is like Decode, but for spaced data using the provided bitmap to determine where the nulls should be inserted.
 func (d *DeltaLengthByteArrayDecoder) DecodeSpaced(out []parquet.ByteArray, nullCount int, validBits []byte, validBitsOffset int64) (int, error) {
 	toread := len(out) - nullCount
-	values, _ := d.Decode(out[:toread])
+	values, err := d.Decode(out[:toread])
+	if err != nil {
+		return values, err
+	}
 	if values != toread {
 		return values, errors.New("parquet: number of values / definition levels read did not match")
 	}
diff --git a/parquet/internal/encoding/delta_length_byte_array_validation_test.go b/parquet/internal/encoding/delta_length_byte_array_validation_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bdfbf522
--- /dev/null
+++ b/parquet/internal/encoding/delta_length_byte_array_validation_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package encoding
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/arrow/memory"
+	"github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/parquet"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestDeltaLengthByteArrayDecoderRejectsInvalidLengths(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := [][]byte{
+		{128, 1, 4, 1, 1},  // one length of -1
+		{128, 1, 4, 1, 10}, // one length of 5 with no payload
+	}
+
+	for _, data := range tests {
+		dec := NewDecoder(parquet.Types.ByteArray, parquet.Encodings.DeltaLengthByteArray, nil, memory.DefaultAllocator)
+		require.Error(t, dec.SetData(1, data))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDeltaLengthByteArrayDecoderUsesEncodedLengthCount(t *testing.T) {
+	// The page has two logical positions but only one physical value. This is
+	// valid for an optional column whose other position is null.
+	data := []byte{128, 1, 4, 1, 0}
+	dec := NewDecoder(parquet.Types.ByteArray, parquet.Encodings.DeltaLengthByteArray, nil, memory.DefaultAllocator)
+	require.NoError(t, dec.SetData(2, data))
+	require.Equal(t, 1, dec.ValuesLeft())
+
+	values, err := dec.(ByteArrayDecoder).Decode(make([]parquet.ByteArray, 2))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, values)
+	require.Zero(t, dec.ValuesLeft())
+}
+
+func TestDeltaByteArrayDecoderRejectsMismatchedStreamCounts(t *testing.T) {
+	prefixEncoder := NewEncoder(parquet.Types.Int32, parquet.Encodings.DeltaBinaryPacked, false, nil, memory.DefaultAllocator)
+	prefixEncoder.(Int32Encoder).Put([]int32{0, 1})
+	prefixes, err := prefixEncoder.FlushValues()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer prefixes.Release()
+
+	suffixEncoder := NewEncoder(parquet.Types.ByteArray, parquet.Encodings.DeltaLengthByteArray, false, nil, memory.DefaultAllocator)
+	suffixEncoder.(ByteArrayEncoder).Put([]parquet.ByteArray{[]byte("a")})
+	suffixes, err := suffixEncoder.FlushValues()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer suffixes.Release()
+
+	data := append(append([]byte(nil), prefixes.Bytes()...), suffixes.Bytes()...)
+	dec := NewDecoder(parquet.Types.ByteArray, parquet.Encodings.DeltaByteArray, nil, memory.DefaultAllocator)
+	require.Error(t, dec.SetData(2, data))
+}