diff --git a/docs/bundler/index.mdx b/docs/bundler/index.mdx
index b9a1837b9a10..253755b2b35f 100644
--- a/docs/bundler/index.mdx
+++ b/docs/bundler/index.mdx
@@ -740,6 +740,10 @@ Disables environment variable injection entirely.
 
 Specifies the type of sourcemap to generate.
 
+`Bun.build` also accepts a boolean. `false` means `"none"`. `true` means `"linked"` when `outdir` is set and `"inline"` when it is not.
+
+`Bun.build` does not need `outdir` for `"linked"` or `"external"`. It returns each sourcemap in [`outputs`](#outputs), and without `outdir` it writes nothing to disk. A build with `compile` is different: see [standalone executables](/compiler/executables).
+
 <Tabs>
   <Tab title="JavaScript">
     ```ts title="build.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
@@ -1226,6 +1230,8 @@ A map of file extensions to built-in loader names. Use this to customize how cer
 
 A banner added to the final bundle. This can be a directive like `"use client"` for React, or a comment block such as a license.
 
+Bun adds the banner to every JavaScript entry point and chunk. It does not add it to CSS or HTML.
+
 <Tabs>
   <Tab title="JavaScript">
     ```ts title="build.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
@@ -1247,6 +1253,8 @@ A banner added to the final bundle. This can be a directive like `"use client"`
 
 A footer added to the final bundle. This can be a comment block for a license or a fun easter egg.
 
+Bun adds the footer to every JavaScript entry point and chunk. It does not add it to CSS or HTML.
+
 <Tabs>
   <Tab title="JavaScript">
     ```ts title="build.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
@@ -1886,7 +1894,7 @@ interface BuildConfig {
   publicPath?: string;
   define?: Record<string, string>;
   loader?: { [k in string]: Loader };
-  sourcemap?: "none" | "linked" | "inline" | "external" | boolean; // default: "none", true -> "inline"
+  sourcemap?: "none" | "linked" | "inline" | "external" | boolean; // default: "none", true -> "linked" with outdir, "inline" without
   /**
    * package.json `exports` conditions used when resolving imports
    *
@@ -1964,12 +1972,16 @@ interface BuildConfig {
   };
   /**
    * Add a banner to the bundled code such as "use client";
+   *
+   * Added to every JavaScript entry point and chunk, not to CSS or HTML.
    */
   banner?: string;
   /**
    * Add a footer to the bundled code such as a comment block like
    *
    * `// made with bun!`
+   *
+   * Added to every JavaScript entry point and chunk, not to CSS or HTML.
    */
   footer?: string;
 
diff --git a/packages/bun-types/bun.d.ts b/packages/bun-types/bun.d.ts
index 8279a41e75f7..3a0c8053ae66 100644
--- a/packages/bun-types/bun.d.ts
+++ b/packages/bun-types/bun.d.ts
@@ -3404,17 +3404,28 @@ declare module "bun" {
      * - `"none"` - No source maps are generated
      * - `"linked"` - A separate `*.ext.map` file is generated alongside each
      *   `*.ext` file. A `//# sourceMappingURL` comment is added to the output
-     *   file to link the two. Requires `outdir` to be set.
+     *   file to link the two.
      * - `"inline"` - an inline source map is appended to the output file.
-     * - `"external"` - Generate a separate source map file for each input file.
-     *   No `//# sourceMappingURL` comment is added to the output file.
+     * - `"external"` - Generate a separate source map file for each JavaScript
+     *   entry point and chunk. No `//# sourceMappingURL` comment is added to
+     *   the output file.
      *
-     * `true` and `false` are aliases for `"inline"` and `"none"`, respectively.
+     * Only JavaScript entry points and chunks get a source map. CSS and HTML
+     * do not.
+     *
+     * Each `"linked"` or `"external"` map is a separate {@link BuildArtifact}
+     * in `outputs` with `kind: "sourcemap"`.
+     *
+     * In a build without `compile`:
+     * - `true` is an alias for `"linked"` when `outdir` is set, and for
+     *   `"inline"` when it is not. `false` is an alias for `"none"`.
+     * - Without `outdir`, Bun does not write a `"linked"` or `"external"` map
+     *   to disk.
      *
      * @default "none"
      *
-     * @see {@link outdir} required for `"linked"` maps
      * @see {@link publicPath} to customize the base url of linked source maps
+     * @see [Standalone executables](https://bun.com/docs/compiler/executables) for source maps with `compile`
      */
     sourcemap?: "none" | "linked" | "inline" | "external" | boolean;
 
@@ -3549,6 +3560,9 @@ declare module "bun" {
 
     /**
      * Add a banner to the bundled code such as "use client";
+     *
+     * The banner is added to every JavaScript entry point and chunk. It is
+     * not added to CSS or HTML.
      */
     banner?: string;
 
@@ -3556,6 +3570,9 @@ declare module "bun" {
      * Add a footer to the bundled code such as a comment block like
      *
      * `// made with bun!`
+     *
+     * The footer is added to every JavaScript entry point and chunk. It is
+     * not added to CSS or HTML.
      */
     footer?: string;
 
diff --git a/test/bundler/bun-build-jsdoc.test.ts b/test/bundler/bun-build-jsdoc.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..101448d76f8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/bundler/bun-build-jsdoc.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+// The API reference for `Bun.build` is generated from the JSDoc in bun.d.ts.
+// Each test runs a documented option, then checks that the JSDoc of that
+// option describes what the build did.
+import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
+import { tempDir } from "harness";
+import { existsSync, readdirSync, readFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import { join } from "node:path";
+
+const dts = readFileSync(join(import.meta.dir, "../../packages/bun-types/bun.d.ts"), "utf8");
+
+/** The JSDoc block directly above `member?:` in bun.d.ts, as one line of prose. */
+function jsdocOf(member: string): string {
+  const decl = dts.search(new RegExp(`^ +${member}\\?: `, "m"));
+  expect(decl).toBeGreaterThan(-1);
+  const start = dts.lastIndexOf("/**", decl);
+  const end = dts.indexOf("*/", start);
+  expect(dts.slice(end + 2, decl).trim()).toBe("");
+  return dts
+    .slice(start + 3, end)
+    .replace(/^\s*\* ?/gm, "")
+    .replace(/\s+/g, " ")
+    .trim();
+}
+
+/** Which `sourcemap` mode the `//# sourceMappingURL` comment of an output is. */
+function sourcemapCommentKind(text: string): "inline" | "linked" | "none" {
+  if (text.includes("//# sourceMappingURL=data:")) return "inline";
+  if (text.includes("//# sourceMappingURL=")) return "linked";
+  return "none";
+}
+
+const extensionOf = (path: string) => path.slice(path.lastIndexOf("."));
+
+// With `splitting`, this page builds to one output of each type: a JavaScript
+// entry point, a JavaScript chunk, a CSS file and an HTML file.
+const page = {
+  "index.html": `<!doctype html><html><head><link rel="stylesheet" href="./style.css"><script type="module" src="./index.js"></script></head><body></body></html>`,
+  "index.js": `import("./lazy.js").then(m => console.log(m.default));`,
+  "lazy.js": `export default "lazy";`,
+  "style.css": `a { color: red; }`,
+};
+const outputTypes = ["CSS", "HTML", "JavaScript"];
+
+describe.concurrent("BuildConfig JSDoc matches the runtime", () => {
+  test("sourcemap: what `true` is an alias for", async () => {
+    using dir = tempDir("jsdoc-sourcemap-true", page);
+    const config = { entrypoints: [join(String(dir), "index.html")], splitting: true, sourcemap: true };
+
+    const observed: string[] = [];
+    for (const build of [await Bun.build({ ...config, outdir: join(String(dir), "out") }), await Bun.build(config)]) {
+      const scripts = build.outputs.filter(output => extensionOf(output.path) === ".js");
+      expect(scripts.map(output => output.kind).sort()).toEqual(["chunk", "entry-point"]);
+      const kinds = await Promise.all(scripts.map(async output => sourcemapCommentKind(await output.text())));
+      observed.push(...new Set(kinds));
+    }
+    expect(observed).toEqual(["linked", "inline"]);
+
+    const sentences = jsdocOf("sourcemap")
+      .split(/(?<=\.)\s+/)
+      .filter(sentence => sentence.includes("`true`"));
+    const documented = sentences.flatMap(sentence =>
+      [...sentence.matchAll(/`"(none|linked|inline|external)"`/g)].map(match => match[1]),
+    );
+    expect(documented).toEqual(expect.arrayContaining(observed));
+    // The two builds differ only in `outdir`, so the JSDoc has to say that it decides.
+    expect(sentences.join(" ")).toContain("`outdir`");
+  });
+
+  test('sourcemap: "linked" and "external" without outdir', async () => {
+    using dir = tempDir("jsdoc-sourcemap-no-outdir", page);
+    const sources = readdirSync(String(dir)).sort();
+
+    for (const sourcemap of ["linked", "external"] as const) {
+      const build = await Bun.build({ entrypoints: [join(String(dir), "index.html")], splitting: true, sourcemap });
+      expect(build.success).toBe(true);
+
+      const maps = build.outputs.filter(output => output.kind === "sourcemap").map(output => output.path);
+      // Without `outdir` the paths are relative to the cwd and hold a content
+      // hash, so a file at one of them can only come from this build.
+      expect(maps.filter(path => existsSync(path))).toEqual([]);
+      const observed = await Promise.all(
+        build.outputs
+          .filter(output => output.kind !== "sourcemap")
+          .map(async output => ({
+            ext: extensionOf(output.path),
+            kind: output.kind,
+            map: maps.includes(output.path + ".map"),
+            comment: sourcemapCommentKind(await output.text()),
+          })),
+      );
+      observed.sort((a, b) => (a.ext + a.kind).localeCompare(b.ext + b.kind));
+      const comment = sourcemap === "linked" ? "linked" : "none";
+      expect({ sourcemap, maps: maps.length, observed }).toEqual({
+        sourcemap,
+        maps: 2,
+        observed: [
+          { ext: ".css", kind: "asset", map: false, comment: "none" },
+          { ext: ".html", kind: "entry-point", map: false, comment: "none" },
+          { ext: ".js", kind: "chunk", map: true, comment },
+          { ext: ".js", kind: "entry-point", map: true, comment },
+        ],
+      });
+    }
+    expect(readdirSync(String(dir)).sort()).toEqual(sources);
+
+    const doc = jsdocOf("sourcemap");
+    expect(doc).not.toMatch(/requires? `outdir`|outdir\}? (is )?required/i);
+    expect(doc).toContain('`kind: "sourcemap"`');
+    // Only one of the three types of output file got a map, so the JSDoc has
+    // to name all three.
+    expect(outputTypes.filter(type => doc.includes(type))).toEqual(outputTypes);
+  });
+
+  test("banner and footer: JavaScript outputs only", async () => {
+    using dir = tempDir("jsdoc-banner-footer", page);
+    const build = await Bun.build({
+      entrypoints: [join(String(dir), "index.html")],
+      splitting: true,
+      banner: "/* BANNER */",
+      footer: "/* FOOTER */",
+    });
+    expect(build.success).toBe(true);
+
+    const observed = await Promise.all(
+      build.outputs.map(async output => {
+        const text = await output.text();
+        return {
+          ext: extensionOf(output.path),
+          kind: output.kind,
+          banner: text.includes("/* BANNER */"),
+          footer: text.includes("/* FOOTER */"),
+        };
+      }),
+    );
+    observed.sort((a, b) => (a.ext + a.kind).localeCompare(b.ext + b.kind));
+    expect(observed).toEqual([
+      { ext: ".css", kind: "asset", banner: false, footer: false },
+      { ext: ".html", kind: "entry-point", banner: false, footer: false },
+      { ext: ".js", kind: "chunk", banner: true, footer: true },
+      { ext: ".js", kind: "entry-point", banner: true, footer: true },
+    ]);
+
+    // The build made three types of output file and treated them differently,
+    // so the JSDoc has to name all three.
+    for (const member of ["banner", "footer"]) {
+      const doc = jsdocOf(member);
+      expect({ member, named: outputTypes.filter(type => doc.includes(type)) }).toEqual({ member, named: outputTypes });
+    }
+  });
+});