diff --git a/pandas/core/groupby/generic.py b/pandas/core/groupby/generic.py
index b2380af807e3d..1d03652bd0367 100644
--- a/pandas/core/groupby/generic.py
+++ b/pandas/core/groupby/generic.py
@@ -2393,7 +2393,7 @@ def _wrap_applied_output(
             if is_transform:
                 # GH#47787 see test_group_on_empty_multiindex
                 res_index = data.index
-            elif not self.group_keys:
+            elif not self.group_keys or not self.as_index:
                 res_index = None
             else:
                 res_index = self._grouper.result_index
diff --git a/pandas/tests/groupby/test_apply.py b/pandas/tests/groupby/test_apply.py
index 1d8bf5b442b6c..468dfac76f7ac 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/groupby/test_apply.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/groupby/test_apply.py
@@ -1541,3 +1541,25 @@ def addstore(x):
 
     tm.assert_frame_equal(store[0], expected_out_0)
     tm.assert_frame_equal(store[1], expected_out_1)
+
+
+def test_apply_as_index_false_empty_index_name():
+    df = DataFrame({"A": [4, 4, 4], "B": [9, 9, 9]})
+    result = df.groupby("A", as_index=False).apply(lambda x: x)
+
+    empty_df = df.iloc[:0]
+    result_empty = empty_df.groupby("A", as_index=False).apply(lambda x: x)
+
+    expected = DataFrame(
+        {"B": [9, 9, 9]},
+        index=Index([0, 1, 2], dtype="int64"),
+    )
+    expected.index.name = None
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+    expected_empty = DataFrame(
+        {"B": Series([], dtype="int64")},
+        index=Index([], dtype="int64"),
+    )
+    expected_empty.index.name = None
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result_empty, expected_empty)