feat(integrations): add lfx connection resolution contract

[erichare]

Summary

• add the provider-neutral ConnectionRefInput, resolver protocol, and lazy credential lease
• add fail-closed resolver discovery plus request/environment resolution for headless lfx execution
• add typed, sanitized integration errors, capability metadata, and identifier-free telemetry
• stamp and propagate an in-memory execution principal without serializing it into graph payloads

This PR is stacked on #14906 (INT-1) and targets release-1.13.0 transitively. It should be retargeted to release-1.13.0 after #14906 merges.

Verification

• uv run ruff check .
• uv run pytest tests/unit/integrations tests/unit/services/connection tests/unit/extension/test_manifest.py tests/unit/extension/test_schema.py tests/unit/services/test_service_manager.py tests/unit/inputs/test_inputs_schema.py tests/unit/custom/custom_component/test_component.py -q (220 passed, 1 xfailed)
• uv run --package lfx python scripts/migrate/check_bundle_api_changelog.py --base origin/feat/int-1-discovery-gate

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[github-actions]

✅ Test Coverage Advisor

No source changes detected without accompanying tests. Thanks for keeping coverage up! 🎉

Advisory check only — never blocks merge.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 77.37226% with 155 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 66.53%. Comparing base (be623cc) to head (47c482e).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...rc/lfx/src/lfx/services/connection/env_resolver.py	63.63%	23 Missing and 9 partials ⚠️
src/lfx/src/lfx/services/manager.py	25.92%	18 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
src/lfx/src/lfx/integrations/capabilities.py	82.10%	11 Missing and 6 partials ⚠️
src/lfx/src/lfx/integrations/errors.py	83.49%	10 Missing and 7 partials ⚠️
src/lfx/src/lfx/integrations/models.py	87.28%	10 Missing and 5 partials ⚠️
src/lfx/src/lfx/services/deps.py	51.61%	12 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️
src/lfx/src/lfx/integrations/telemetry.py	70.21%	13 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
src/lfx/src/lfx/cli/validation/_env_validation.py	77.41%	4 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️
...c/lfx/src/lfx/custom/custom_component/component.py	66.66%	4 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
src/lfx/src/lfx/run/base.py	33.33%	3 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
... and 3 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@                      Coverage Diff                      @@
##           feat/int-1-discovery-gate   #14919      +/-   ##
=============================================================
+ Coverage                      66.45%   66.53%   +0.07%     
=============================================================
  Files                           2499     2515      +16     
  Lines                         259913   262282    +2369     
  Branches                       36772    36857      +85     
=============================================================
+ Hits                          172736   174497    +1761     
- Misses                         85009    85575     +566     
- Partials                        2168     2210      +42     

Flag	Coverage Δ
backend	74.12% <100.00%> (-0.08%)	⬇️
lfx	65.09% <76.96%> (+0.21%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/backend/base/langflow/services/factory.py	85.50% <100.00%> (+0.43%)	⬆️
src/backend/base/langflow/services/schema.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...backend/base/langflow/services/telemetry/schema.py	97.74% <100.00%> (+0.14%)	⬆️
src/lfx/src/lfx/graph/graph/base.py	65.54% <100.00%> (+0.08%)	⬆️
src/lfx/src/lfx/inputs/input_mixin.py	82.74% <100.00%> (+0.62%)	⬆️
src/lfx/src/lfx/io/schema.py	66.15% <100.00%> (+0.70%)	⬆️
src/lfx/src/lfx/run/_defaults.py	92.30% <100.00%> (+0.41%)	⬆️
src/lfx/src/lfx/services/authorization/base.py	86.81% <100.00%> (+1.38%)	⬆️
src/lfx/src/lfx/services/interfaces.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
src/lfx/src/lfx/services/schema.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
... and 15 more

... and 45 files with indirect coverage changes

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[github-actions]

Frontend Unit Test Coverage Report

Coverage Summary

Lines	Statements	Branches	Functions
	55.65% (84754/152292)	72.47% (12552/17320)	50.95% (2000/3925)

Unit Test Results

Tests	Skipped	Failures	Errors	Time
6641	0 💤	0 ❌	0 🔥	25m 33s ⏱️