Give each SSE response its own header list

AGENTS.md

@@ -84,7 +84,6 @@ assigned to their author are closed automatically.
   - Use `anyio.Event` — set it in the callback/handler, `await event.wait()` in the test
   - For stream messages, use `await stream.receive()` instead of `sleep()` + `receive_nowait()`
   - Exception: `sleep()` is appropriate when testing time-based features (e.g., timeouts)
-- Wrap indefinite waits (`event.wait()`, `stream.receive()`) in `anyio.fail_after(5)` to prevent hangs
 - Pytest is configured with `filterwarnings = ["error"]`, so warnings fail
   tests. Don't silence warnings from your own code; fix the underlying cause.
   Scoped `ignore::` entries for upstream libraries are acceptable in

src/mcp/server/_streamable_http_modern.py

@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ async def watch_disconnect(cancel_scope: anyio.CancelScope) -> None:
             # First notification arrived, or the deferral window elapsed: commit
             # `text/event-stream` and start pinging so a proxy idle-read timeout
             # cannot close the stream (which on this path cancels the handler).
-            await send({"type": "http.response.start", "status": _OK_STATUS, "headers": _SSE_HEADERS})
+            await send({"type": "http.response.start", "status": _OK_STATUS, "headers": list(_SSE_HEADERS)})
             while not done:
                 await send({"type": "http.response.body", "body": event or b": ping\r\n\r\n", "more_body": True})
                 event = None

tests/server/test_streamable_http_modern.py

@@ -500,6 +500,38 @@ async def list_tools(ctx: ServerRequestContext, params: PaginatedRequestParams |
     assert events[2]["result"]["tools"] == []
 
 
+async def test_sse_mode_headers_are_not_shared_across_responses() -> None:
+    """SSE mode: each response gets its own header list, so middleware appending in place
+    cannot leak headers into later responses."""
+
+    async def list_tools(ctx: ServerRequestContext, params: PaginatedRequestParams | None) -> ListToolsResult:
+        await ctx.session.report_progress(1.0)
+        return ListToolsResult(tools=[], ttl_ms=0, cache_scope="public")
+
+    server = Server("test", on_list_tools=list_tools)
+
+    async def app(scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
+        async def append_header(message: Message) -> None:
+            if message["type"] == "http.response.start":
+                message["headers"].append((b"x-id", b"abc"))
+            await send(message)
+
+        async with server.lifespan(server) as lifespan_state:
+            await handle_modern_request(server, None, False, lifespan_state, scope, receive, append_header)
+
+    async with httpx2.AsyncClient(
+        transport=StreamingASGITransport(app),
+        base_url="http://testserver",
+        headers={MCP_PROTOCOL_VERSION_HEADER: LATEST_MODERN_VERSION, "accept": "application/json, text/event-stream"},
+    ) as http:
+        for _ in range(2):
+            response = await http.post(
+                "/mcp", json=_list_tools_body_with_token("tok"), headers={MCP_METHOD_HEADER: "tools/list"}
+            )
+            assert response.headers["content-type"].split(";", 1)[0] == "text/event-stream"
+            assert response.headers.get_list("x-id") == ["abc"]
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "anyio_backend",
     [pytest.param(("trio", {"clock": MockClock(autojump_threshold=0)}), id="trio-mockclock")],