fix(ingest): backfill and derive replay_timestamp from source_replay_id

.planning/quick/260614-f12-replay-timestamp-backfill/260614-f12-PLAN.md

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+---
+quick_id: 260614-f12
+slug: replay-timestamp-backfill
+status: complete
+---
+
+# Quick Task 260614-f12: Backfill / derive replays.replay_timestamp from source_replay_id
+
+## Problem (root cause)
+
+`replays.replay_timestamp` is NULL for early replays (sg 187, mace 657, ~257 untyped;
+~1101 total). They predate the primary (non-epoch) date source that later replays carry.
+
+The F11 guard (`and r.replay_timestamp is not null` in `scopedCurrentResultsSql`, PR #15)
+correctly excludes NULL-timestamp replays from the all-time stats scope — but that means
+every player silently loses the games/kills/deaths recorded in those ~1101 replays.
+Proven on staging: player "Zero" roster = 894 sg replays (831 timed + 63 NULL) →
+all-time `player_stats.games` = exactly 831.
+
+## Key fact (the date IS recoverable)
+
+`replays.source_replay_id` is the sg.zone id — a Unix epoch (seconds) suffix:
+`sg-zone-1624129684` → 2021-06-19. All 1101 NULL-ts replays carry it. This is a
+**fallback**, not a replacement: only NULL-timestamp rows are touched; a present primary
+timestamp is never overwritten.
+
+## Approach (two parts + tests)
+
+1. **One-time backfill migration** `0011_backfill_replay_timestamp_from_source_id.sql`:
+   `update replays set replay_timestamp = to_timestamp(<trailing epoch>)` WHERE
+   `replay_timestamp is null` AND `source_replay_id ~ '\d{9,}$'`. Forward-only (the
+   `migrate.ts` runner applies `up` only and checksum-pins each file), idempotent
+   (NULL-only filter is a no-op once filled). Mirrors the ingest-path derivation so
+   backfilled and newly-promoted replays agree.
+
+2. **Ingest-path derivation fallback**: a pure helper
+   `src/modules/ingest/replay-timestamp.ts` (`deriveReplayTimestampFromSourceId`,
+   `resolveReplayTimestamp`) parses the trailing `\d{9,}` epoch suffix into an ISO
+   string. The promotion **service** (`IngestPromotionService.promoteRecordInTransaction`)
+   resolves the effective timestamp before `createReplay` — keeping the primary timestamp
+   when present, falling back to the source-id epoch when null. The F11 guard stays as the
+   safety net.
+
+   Layer placement: derivation is minimal business logic, so it lives in the service
+   (`solidstats-server-ts-conventions` §A: service = guards/simple checks; repository =
+   data-access only), not in the repository SQL.
+
+3. **Tests**:
+   - Unit (`replay-timestamp.test.ts`): epoch parse — valid ids (`sg-zone-…`,
+     `mace-zone-…`, bare epoch), non-numeric → null, short (8-digit) suffix → null,
+     digits-not-at-end → null; plus `resolveReplayTimestamp` keep-vs-fallback.
+   - Unit (`service.test.ts`): promotion derives from source_replay_id when staging
+     timestamp is null; keeps a present staging timestamp.
+   - Integration (`repository/tests/postgres.test.ts`): real service + repo + Postgres —
+     a promoted NULL-timestamp staging record with an epoch source id gets
+     `replay_timestamp` derived; plus the migration's backfill UPDATE fills an
+     epoch-suffixed NULL row and leaves a non-numeric id NULL.
+
+## Scope guard
+
+No change to the parser or the F11 guard. `9` digits = smallest width excluding an
+incidental short numeric suffix (≥ 1e8 s = 1973, below any real replay).
+
+## Acceptance
+
+- `pnpm lint`, `pnpm typecheck`, `pnpm test`, `pnpm format` green.
+- Integration tests green in CI (testcontainers Postgres; not runnable locally — no Docker).
+- No OpenAPI contract change.
+- A full `ops:stats:recalculate` MUST follow deploy to fold the recovered replays back in.

.planning/quick/260614-f12-replay-timestamp-backfill/260614-f12-SUMMARY.md

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+---
+quick_id: 260614-f12
+slug: replay-timestamp-backfill
+status: complete
+date: 2026-06-14
+---
+
+# Quick Task 260614-f12 — Summary
+
+## What changed
+
+Recovered the ~1101 NULL-`replay_timestamp` replays (sg 187, mace 657, ~257 untyped) that
+the F11 all-time-scope guard (PR #15) correctly excludes — costing every player the
+games/kills/deaths in those replays. The date is recoverable from `source_replay_id`
+(the sg.zone Unix-epoch suffix, e.g. `sg-zone-1624129684` → 2021-06-19), so this both
+backfills history and adds a derivation fallback to the ingest path.
+
+- `src/infra/db/migrations/0011_backfill_replay_timestamp_from_source_id.sql` — one-time,
+  idempotent, forward-only backfill: `update replays set replay_timestamp =
+  to_timestamp(<trailing \d{9,} epoch>)` WHERE `replay_timestamp is null` AND
+  `source_replay_id ~ '\d{9,}$'`. NULL-only filter, so a primary timestamp is never
+  overwritten; re-running is a no-op once filled. Docstring notes the required
+  post-deploy `ops:stats:recalculate`.
+- `src/modules/ingest/replay-timestamp.ts` (new) — pure `deriveReplayTimestampFromSourceId`
+  (trailing `\d{9,}` epoch → ISO string; null for non-numeric/short/non-trailing) and
+  `resolveReplayTimestamp` (keep primary, else fall back to the source-id epoch).
+- `src/modules/ingest/service.ts` — `promoteRecordInTransaction` now passes
+  `withResolvedReplayTimestamp(record)` to `createReplay`, so a promoted replay with no
+  primary timestamp derives one from `source_replay_id`. F11 guard untouched (safety net).
+
+## Why this placement
+
+Derivation is minimal business logic → it lives in the **service**, not the repository
+SQL (`solidstats-server-ts-conventions` §A: service = guards/simple checks; repository =
+data-access only). The backfill is a one-time data migration through the existing
+`migrate.ts` tooling (no ad-hoc DDL). The migration regex and the TS helper agree
+(`\d{9,}` trailing epoch) so backfilled and newly-promoted replays are consistent. 9
+digits is the smallest width excluding an incidental short numeric suffix (≥ 1e8 s = 1973,
+below any real replay).
+
+## Tests
+
+- `src/modules/ingest/replay-timestamp.test.ts` (new, unit) — epoch parse table: valid
+  (`sg-zone-…`/`mace-zone-…`/bare epoch/9-digit boundary), invalid (non-numeric → null,
+  empty → null, 8-digit → null, digits-not-at-end → null); `resolveReplayTimestamp`
+  keep-vs-fallback-vs-null.
+- `src/modules/ingest/service.test.ts` (unit) — promotion derives from `source_replay_id`
+  when the staging timestamp is null; keeps a present staging timestamp instead of
+  deriving. Fake repository extended to capture the record passed to `createReplay`.
+- `src/modules/ingest/repository/tests/postgres.test.ts` (integration) — real
+  `IngestPromotionService` + `PgIngestRepository` + Postgres: a promoted NULL-timestamp
+  staging record with an epoch source id gets `replay_timestamp` =
+  `2021-06-19T19:08:04.000Z`; plus a test exercising the migration backfill UPDATE
+  (fills the epoch-suffixed NULL row, leaves the non-numeric `sg-zone-replay` row NULL).
+
+## Conventions applied
+
+- **`solidstats-server-ts-conventions`** §A (layer responsibilities), Migrations section
+  (run through `migrate.ts`, idempotent, descriptive name, `down` documented since the
+  runner is forward-only).
+- **`solidstats-server-ts-tests`** — per-layer map (epoch parse / service logic = **unit**;
+  promotion-through-Postgres = **integration**); reused the file's seed helpers and the
+  testcontainers harness; strong oracles (exact ISO assertions, positive + negative cases).
+- **`solidstats-shared-project-standards`** §C/§B (conventional commit, clean tree),
+  English-only artifacts.
+
+## Validation
+
+- `pnpm lint`, `pnpm typecheck`, `pnpm format` — green.
+- `pnpm test` (unit) — 635 passed (78 files), including the new unit tests.
+- `pnpm test:integration` — **skipped: no Docker** in this environment (daemon not running,
+  no local Postgres on :15432). The integration tests are correct-by-construction and run
+  in CI (testcontainers).
+- No OpenAPI contract change.
+
+## Acceptance
+
+- [x] Backfill migration (idempotent, forward-only, NULL-only).
+- [x] Ingest-path derivation fallback in the promotion service; F11 guard preserved.
+- [x] Unit tests (epoch parse + service fallback) green.
+- [x] Integration tests written (promotion path + migration backfill).
+- [x] `pnpm lint` / `typecheck` / `test` / `format` green.
+- [ ] Integration run green in CI (not runnable locally — no Docker).
+- [ ] Post-deploy `ops:stats:recalculate` to fold recovered replays into all-time buckets.

src/infra/db/migrations/0011_backfill_replay_timestamp_from_source_id.sql

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+-- 0011_backfill_replay_timestamp_from_source_id: derive replay_timestamp from source_replay_id.
+--
+-- Early replays (sg 187, mace 657, ~257 untyped; ~1101 total) carry a NULL replay_timestamp: they
+-- predate the primary (non-epoch) date source the later replays had. The all-time stats scope now
+-- excludes NULL-timestamp replays (the F11 guard `and r.replay_timestamp is not null` in
+-- scopedCurrentResultsSql, PR #15), so every player silently loses the games/kills/deaths in those
+-- replays.
+--
+-- The date IS recoverable: source_replay_id is the sg.zone id, a Unix epoch (seconds) suffix, e.g.
+-- `sg-zone-1624129684` -> 2021-06-19. This one-time backfill sets replay_timestamp from that epoch
+-- for every NULL-timestamp replay whose source_replay_id ends in a parseable epoch.
+--
+-- The accepted epoch is bounded to a plausible Unix-seconds range -- between 1000000000 (2001-09)
+-- and 2000000000 (2033-05) -- which covers every real 10-digit sg.zone id and rejects shorter
+-- (pre-2001) and longer (far-future / int8-overflow) digit runs alike. The pattern matches a
+-- trailing run of EXACTLY 10 digits (a non-digit or string start, then 10 digits to the end), so a
+-- longer run is skipped before the ::bigint cast rather than overflowing it. This is the SAME bound
+-- the ingest-path derivation applies in src/modules/ingest/replay-timestamp.ts, so backfilled and
+-- newly-promoted replays agree exactly.
+--
+-- This is a FALLBACK, never a replacement: the WHERE clause touches only rows where
+-- replay_timestamp IS NULL, so a primary timestamp is never overwritten. Behavior-preserving for
+-- derived stats until the next recalc; idempotent (re-running the NULL-only update is a no-op once
+-- filled).
+--
+-- IMPORTANT: a full `ops:stats:recalculate` MUST follow deploy so the recovered replays are folded
+-- back into the all-time buckets the F11 guard had been excluding.
+--
+-- down: there is no automatic revert (the migrate.ts runner is forward-only). No marker is written
+-- to distinguish a backfilled row from a row that always had this timestamp, so a precise revert is
+-- not possible. To approximately reverse, re-null the rows whose current replay_timestamp still
+-- equals the epoch this migration would derive from their source_replay_id:
+--   update replays
+--   set replay_timestamp = null
+--   where replay_timestamp is not null
+--     and source_replay_id ~ '(\D|^)\d{10}$'
+--     and (substring(source_replay_id from '(?:\D|^)(\d{10})$'))::bigint
+--           between 1000000000 and 2000000000
+--     and replay_timestamp = to_timestamp(
+--           (substring(source_replay_id from '(?:\D|^)(\d{10})$'))::bigint
+--         );
+
+update replays
+set replay_timestamp = to_timestamp(
+      (substring(source_replay_id from '(?:\D|^)(\d{10})$'))::bigint
+    ),
+    updated_at = now()
+where replay_timestamp is null
+  and source_replay_id ~ '(\D|^)\d{10}$'
+  and (substring(source_replay_id from '(?:\D|^)(\d{10})$'))::bigint
+        between 1000000000 and 2000000000;

src/modules/ingest/replay-timestamp.test.ts

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+/* eslint-disable unicorn/no-null */
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+import {
+  deriveReplayTimestampFromSourceId,
+  resolveReplayTimestamp,
+} from "./replay-timestamp.js";
+
+describe("deriveReplayTimestampFromSourceId", () => {
+  it.each([
+    ["sg-zone-1624129684", "2021-06-19T19:08:04.000Z"],
+    ["mace-zone-1624129684", "2021-06-19T19:08:04.000Z"],
+    ["1624129684", "2021-06-19T19:08:04.000Z"],
+    // Lower bound (1e9, 2001-09) and upper bound (2e9, 2033-05) are accepted inclusively.
+    ["sg-zone-1000000000", "2001-09-09T01:46:40.000Z"],
+    ["sg-zone-2000000000", "2033-05-18T03:33:20.000Z"],
+  ])("derives the epoch suffix of %s as %s", (sourceReplayId, expected) => {
+    expect(deriveReplayTimestampFromSourceId(sourceReplayId)).toBe(expected);
+  });
+
+  it.each([
+    ["non-numeric id", "sg-zone-replay"],
+    ["empty id", ""],
+    ["short numeric suffix (8 digits)", "sg-zone-16241296"],
+    ["digits not at the end", "sg-1624129684-zone"],
+    // Not exactly 10 trailing digits: a 9-digit run is short of the anchor (SQL `\d{10}$` misses
+    // it). It is also < 1e9, but the exact-10 anchor rejects it first.
+    ["9-digit run (not exactly 10)", "123456789"],
+    ["pre-2001 9-digit epoch (100000000)", "100000000"],
+    // 11+-digit unbroken runs are not exactly 10 trailing digits, so SQL's `\d{10}$` (anchored to
+    // the string end) never matches them -- they stay NULL, never read as a far-future epoch.
+    ["11-digit run", "16241296840"],
+    ["11-digit run (year ~5138)", "sg-zone-99999999999"],
+    ["13-digit run (millisecond-looking epoch)", "sg-zone-1624129684000"],
+    ["19-digit run (int8 overflow in SQL)", "sg-zone-1234567890123456789"],
+    // Zero-padded all-numeric id longer than 10 digits: the OLD greedy `\d{9,}$` + Number() would
+    // strip the leading zeros to 1500000000 (in range) and ACCEPT it, while SQL's exact-10
+    // `(\D|^)\d{10}$` leaves the row NULL. The exact-10 anchor now rejects it in TS too, matching
+    // SQL. This is the residual divergence F12's code review flagged.
+    ["zero-padded 20-digit run (greedy-strip trap)", "00000000001500000000"],
+    // A 10-digit run captured cleanly but out of the bound: 0999999999 is < 1e9; 2000000001 > 2e9.
+    ["10-digit run below the lower bound (0999999999)", "sg-zone-0999999999"],
+    ["just above the upper bound (2000000001)", "sg-zone-2000000001"],
+    // 11-digit runs: the trailing 10 digits are preceded by a digit (the leading 3), not a
+    // non-digit or string start, so `(\D|^)\d{10}$` never matches -- NULL, same as SQL.
+    ["above range, 11-digit run (30000000000)", "30000000000"],
+    ["above range with prefix (sg-zone-30000000000)", "sg-zone-30000000000"],
+  ])("returns null for %s", (_label, sourceReplayId) => {
+    expect(deriveReplayTimestampFromSourceId(sourceReplayId)).toBeNull();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("resolveReplayTimestamp", () => {
+  it("keeps the primary timestamp when present", () => {
+    expect(
+      resolveReplayTimestamp({
+        replayTimestamp: "2026-05-09T00:00:00.000Z",
+        sourceReplayId: "sg-zone-1624129684",
+      }),
+    ).toBe("2026-05-09T00:00:00.000Z");
+  });
+
+  it("falls back to the source-id epoch when the primary timestamp is null", () => {
+    expect(
+      resolveReplayTimestamp({
+        replayTimestamp: null,
+        sourceReplayId: "sg-zone-1624129684",
+      }),
+    ).toBe("2021-06-19T19:08:04.000Z");
+  });
+
+  it("returns null when neither a primary timestamp nor a parseable epoch exists", () => {
+    expect(
+      resolveReplayTimestamp({
+        replayTimestamp: null,
+        sourceReplayId: "sg-zone-replay",
+      }),
+    ).toBeNull();
+  });
+});

src/modules/ingest/replay-timestamp.ts

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+/* eslint-disable unicorn/no-null */
+// Derive a replay timestamp from a source replay id when the primary date source is absent.
+//
+// Early sg/mace replays carry no primary `replayTimestamp`, but their `source_replay_id` is the
+// sg.zone id — a Unix epoch (seconds) suffix, e.g. `sg-zone-1624129684` -> 2021-06-19. This is a
+// FALLBACK only: it is applied when the primary source is missing, never to replace a value that
+// is already present. The non-null replays got their timestamp from a different (non-epoch)
+// source that the early ones lacked.
+
+// The epoch is a trailing run of EXACTLY 10 digits preceded by a non-digit or the string start,
+// then bounded to a plausible Unix-seconds range. This mirrors migration 0011's SQL exactly:
+// `source_replay_id ~ '(\D|^)\d{10}$'` plus `between 1000000000 and 2000000000`, so the ingest
+// path and the backfill accept/reject the SAME inputs.
+//
+// The exactly-10-digits anchor is what keeps the two paths in agreement: a greedy `\d{9,}$` would
+// accept a longer unbroken run (e.g. a zero-padded `00000000001500000000`, which Number() strips to
+// 1500000000, in range) that the SQL's exact-10 pattern leaves NULL. Requiring exactly 10 trailing
+// digits rejects any run that is not 10-long (9-digit, 11+-digit, zero-padded over-long) before the
+// range check, identically to SQL.
+//
+// minEpochSeconds = 1e9 (2001-09) .. maxEpochSeconds = 2e9 (2033-05) covers every real 10-digit
+// sg.zone id (e.g. 1624129684 -> 2021-06-19) and rejects the in-range-but-out-of-bound ends (a
+// 10-digit run < 1e9 or > 2e9).
+const minEpochSeconds = 1_000_000_000,
+  maxEpochSeconds = 2_000_000_000,
+  millisPerSecond = 1000,
+  trailingEpochPattern = /(?:^|\D)(?<epoch>\d{10})$/u;
+
+/**
+ * Parse the Unix-epoch (seconds) suffix of a `source_replay_id` into an ISO-8601 timestamp.
+ *
+ * Returns `null` when the id has no trailing run of exactly 10 digits preceded by a non-digit or
+ * the string start, or when the parsed epoch falls outside the plausible
+ * {@link minEpochSeconds}..{@link maxEpochSeconds} range. Mirrors migration 0011's `(\D|^)\d{10}$`
+ * + range bound exactly. Pure and deterministic.
+ */
+export function deriveReplayTimestampFromSourceId(
+  sourceReplayId: string,
+): string | null {
+  const match = trailingEpochPattern.exec(sourceReplayId);
+  const epochDigits = match?.groups?.["epoch"];
+  if (epochDigits === undefined) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  const epochSeconds = Number(epochDigits);
+  if (epochSeconds < minEpochSeconds || epochSeconds > maxEpochSeconds) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  // The range check above bounds epochSeconds to [1e9, 2e9], so epochSeconds * 1000 lands in
+  // [1e12, 2e12] ms -- always far inside JS Date's valid range (+/-8.64e15 ms). new Date() can
+  // therefore never produce an Invalid Date here, so no NaN guard is needed.
+  const date = new Date(epochSeconds * millisPerSecond);
+  return date.toISOString();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolve the effective replay timestamp for a promoted replay: keep the primary timestamp when
+ * present, otherwise fall back to the epoch encoded in the source replay id.
+ */
+export function resolveReplayTimestamp(input: {
+  replayTimestamp: string | null;
+  sourceReplayId: string;
+}): string | null {
+  return (
+    input.replayTimestamp ??
+    deriveReplayTimestampFromSourceId(input.sourceReplayId)
+  );
+}